「互联网vs区块链革命系列」之三：早期的挑战

InternetvsBlockchainRevolution:ChallengesintheEarlyDays(Part3)ThisarticleispartoftheInternetvsBlockchainRevolutionSeries.Ifyouareinterestedinreadingtheotherarticles.Intheearlystageofemergenttechnologies,thereareoftenchallengesaroundscalability,cost,andeducation,limitingthedevelopmentofbreakthroughapplicationsandmassadoption.However,thesechallengesaregenerallysolvedovertimeaswehavewitnessedwiththeevolutionoftheInternetandweshouldexpectasimilartechnologicalprogressioninBlockchain.ScalabilityandCost:

PendingEthereumTransactionsafterCryptoKitties’Releasein2017

Despitetoday’sfastInternetconnection,theearlydaysoftheInternetfacedchallengesintermsofscalabilityandcost.OnAugust7,1996,AOL’sInternetservicefailedfromsupportingahighvolumeofInternetusersandwentdownfornineteenhours.Atthatpoint,Americanswereincreasinglylivingtheironlineliveseveryday,andAOLwasthecountry’slargestinternetserviceprovider,amongothercompetitorssuchasProdigy,CompuServeandMSN.TheInternetitselfhasn’tcrashedbuttheabilitytoaccessittemporarilystopped,anditwasabigdealformanywhostartedtogetusedtosurfingthewebintheirdailylife.ThisissimilartowhathappenedintheblockchainworldinDecember2017,inwhichtheofCryptoKittiesspikedtheon-chaintransactionvolumeonEthereumandcloggedthenetwork.Mostuserscouldn’tgettheirtransactionsthroughontheblockchainunlesstheywerewillingtobidahighamountofgasfees,whichcausedalotofconfusionanddistressinthecommunity.WhiletheEthereumnetworkjammademanyofusrealizethecurrentlackofscalabilityofblockchaintechnologyinservicingmorecomplexusecases,bothofthesefailuresinscalabilityduringtheearlydaysofInternetandBlockchainshowedavalidationofhowimportantthesetechnologieshadbecomeinafewyearsfortheearlyadoptersandtheneedforbetterscalabilitysolutionstosupportthegrowinguserbaseanddemand.

UniSat Wallet将于下周推出NFT市场，支持超1500个NFT系列:7月9日，据官方消息，比特币铭文钱包UniSat Wallet将于下周推出NFT市场，支持超1500个NFT系列，UniSat系列NFT也将随之推出。[2023/7/10 10:12:19]

AverageInternetandWirelessMobileTelecommunicationSpeedintheUS

ThehighnetworkfeesandcostsforlaunchingastartupduringtheearlydaysoftheInternetandthecurrentstateoftheBlockchainindustryisalsosimilar.Backthen,theprocessofgettingonlinerequiredamodemandaphoneline,inwhichalltheonlineservicesmaintainedanetworkoflocalmodemsforpeopletodialin.Themostpopularonlineserviceatthetime,AOL,charged$9.95/monthfor5hoursofunlimitedaccesswitheachadditionalhourcosting$2.95,whichbytoday’sstandard,wasveryrestricting.Howeverovertime,thebroadbandconnectionswithDSLeventuallycame,scalinguptheInternetspeed,andby2014,theInternetspeedwas200timesfasterand90%cheapercomparedto1999.Similarly,wehavealsowitnessedanincreaseofwirelessmobiletelecommunicationspeedovertheyears,fromlessthan1Mbpswith2Gtechnologyto25Mbpswith4Gtechnology,enablingnewservicestobeviableandpracticalthroughthemobilephone,suchasmusicandvideostreaming.Overtime,thelimitationsaroundthescalabilityandcostweregraduallyremoved,allowingformorecomplexandbandwidth-intensiveapplicationstobepracticalandviable.

TransactionSpeedofVariousBlockchainProjects

Intheblockchainworld,wearestillearlyinthedevelopmentcycleofthetechnology,inwhichthechallengesaroundscalabilityandcostarepreventingthepracticalityofmorecomplexusecasesandlargeuserbase.Lowscalabilitymeansthatthedevelopersoruserswouldhavetopayhigherfeestooutbidtheothertransactionsinthequeuetoreducewaittime.AsofFebruary2019,theaveragetransactionsfeesareroughly$0.13forEthereum,inwhichmorecomplexdapps,suchason-chaingames,wouldquicklyrackuphightransactionfees.Althoughnoteveryactionneedstoliveon-chain,thereisstillanurgentdemandforblockchaintobescalabletosupportthegrowingnumberofdapps,andallthedaytodaytransactions(Visaprocesses24,000transactionspersecond)livingonthesameledger.Numerousprojectsareworkingondifferentmeanstoscalethetransactionspeedofblockchain,withvariabletrade-offsbetweenscalability,security,anddecentralization.WiththerecentmainnetlaunchesofEOSandTRON(4,000and750TPSrespectively),wehaveseenanincreaseofmorecomplexdappsbeingreleasedinthepastcouplemonths,andweexpectthistrendtocontinueasmorescalableblockchainsarebeingdeployedinthespace.Overall,thedifferentscalingsolutionsbeingexploredsuchasnoveldatastructures(Sharding,Tangle,DAG,Codaetc.),layer2solutions(Sidechains,off-chains,hashed-timelocksetc.),andmoreefficientconsensusalgorithms(POS,DPOS,Casper,Avalanche,Hashgraphetc.)willgraduallyincreasethebandwidthandreducethecostfortransactionsontheblockchain,enablingnewusecasesandservicesovertheyears.

Flashbots研究员Alex Obadia和创始管理员决定离职:6月20日消息，以太坊基础设施服务Flashbots研究员Alex Obadia和创始管理员（Founding Steward）决定离职。Alex Obadia表示，离开Flashbots的原因很多，更多是私人原因。[2023/6/20 21:50:19]

ThedecreaseofthecostoflaunchingaStartupfrom1999-2010

Additionally,weexpectthatthecostoflaunchingblockchainstartupswillalsodecreaseovertime.DuringtheInternetrevolution,theaveragecostofstartingastartupalsodrasticallyreducedovertheyears,from$5min1999to$500kin2005,and$50kin2010.Thefirstwaveofcostreductionwasduetotheappearanceofopensource(whichmeantnolicenseforUNIX,webserversandOracledatabases)andhorizontalcomputing(whichmeantnoneedtobuyexpensiveSunservers&EMCstorage).Then,thesecondwaveofcostdecreasewasduetothematurationofcloudcomputing,popularizedbyAWS,providingwebstorage(S3),processingpower(EC2)andtheabilitytoscaleupordowndependingontraffic(auto-scaling)onthecloud.AccordingtoGartner,deployingenterpriseblockchainproof-of-conceptshasastartingcostof$275,000andcangouptoseveralmillionsofdollars.Dependingontheblockchain(Ethereum,Neo,EOS,etc),thedeploymentandtransactionfeesofsimpledappsonpublicblockchainscancostyou$30-85k(interestingbreakdownhere),andcurrentblockchaintalentsareinshortageandexpensive($150konaverage).SimilartotheevolutionoftheInternet,wealsoexpectacostreductioninlaunchingblockchainprojectsastheblockchaintransactionspeedbecomesmorescalableandcheaper,morefull-stackplatformsontheenterpriseside(BaaShosting-Kaleido,AWS,Azure,Oracle,etc),developmentplatform(NoOps-Esprezzo),middlewares(Omnitude)anddevelopertools(Mist,Geth,Remix,etc)arebeingreleased,andmoretalentsmigratingintotheblockchainspace.Education:

众议院议员要求财政部和国税局迅速发布法规，解决加密货币的逃税问题:金色财经报道，众议院议员Brad Sherman和Stephen Lynch本周早些时候要求财政部和国税局迅速发布法规，解决加密货币的逃税问题。布拉德-谢尔曼和斯蒂芬-林奇本周早些时候要求财政部和国税局 \"迅速 \"发布法规，解决加密货币的逃税问题。

在共和党人成功阻止了最近通过的债务上限法案中针对加密货币行业的税收损失收获条款后，民主党人仍在推动这一问题。国会在投票前删除了该法案中的加密货币征税部分，该法案在众议院和参议院获得通过。该条款旨在阻止加密货币的清洗交易。当涉及到证券时，清洗交易是非法的，但美国国税局并不把加密货币当作证券。TaxBit政府关系和成功的副总裁Seth Wilks表示，在这个特定的例子中，清洗交易规则实际上是专门为证券写的，而美国国税局认为加密货币和数字资产是财产，所以这种指定使它免于清洗交易规则，就像目前写的那样。[2023/6/12 21:30:27]

Atonepoint,50%oftheCD'sproducedworldwidehadanAOLlogoonitEducationisanessentialdriverfortheadoptionofnewtechnologies,loweringthebarriertoentry,andhelping"crossingthechasm"(atermcreatedbyGeoffreyMoore).Beforethechasm,technologyisusuallytreatedasaforeignobject,andonceithastrulycrossed,itisperceivedassafetoconsume.DuringtheearlydaysoftheInternet,JanBrandtfromAOLwashiredasVPofmarketingtogrowitsuserbase.Duringmarketresearch,sherealizedthatpeopledidn’tknowhowtousethecomputeras“someonetookacomputermouseandstartedpointingitatthecomputerliketheremotecontrol”,soitwasimportanttogobacktothebasics.Sellingconsumersonthevirtueofoneonlineserviceoveranotherwasnotasimportantaseducatingconsumersonwhatanonlineservicewas.ThemarketingstrategyimplementedbyAOLwastosendouttrialdisksandCDsforpeopletotryout,andtheresultsprovedtobeextraordinary,withpeoplesigningupandprovidingtheircreditcards.AOLre-investedsomuchintothestrategythatCDswerefoundeverywhere,inpeople’smailboxes,onnewcomputers,inmagazines,givenawaywithmovierentals,etc.sothatatonepoint,50%oftheCDsproducedworldwidehadtheAOLlogo,leapfroggingthecompetitorsandgrowingitsuserbasefrom200kto25Mclientsovertheyears.Overall,AOL’scampaignisagoodexampleofasuccessfulinitiativeindrivingadoptionbyactivelyloweringthebarrierofentryforthelesstech-savvycrowdofearlyusers.

FTX CEO：或在2024年美国大选期间花费超过 1 亿美元:金色财经报道，加密货币交易所 FTX 首席执行官 Sam Bankman-Fried （SBF）周二在播客中表示，将在美国 2024 年的选举周期内花费大量资金，当被主持人问及具体数字时，SBF 表示，猜测将在整个周期内花费超过 1 亿美元，详细金额取决于选举周期的具体情况。他说，至于还有多少，我不知道，具体情况具体对待。这真的取决于谁竞选，以及为了什么和为谁竞选。据报道，Bankman-Fried曾为拜登总统的竞选活动捐款 520 万美元。[2022/5/25 3:39:15]

LearnandEarn0xprogramfromCoinbase

Todrawaparallelwiththecryptocurrencyworld,wehaveseenmanyinitiativesineducatingthenextgenerationofcryptoandblockchainadopters,withlargeconferences,suchasConsensus,corporateeducation,takenbyDeloitteorIBM,developereducation,suchasConSensysAcademy,anduniversityeducation,suchasBlockchainEducationNetwork.Manycompaniesarealsoattemptingtoingiveouttokensorcoldwalletsforfreethrougheventsandmarketingcampaigns.Recently,Coinbaselaunchedalearnandearncryptoprogram,offeringcryptocurrencyrewardsforcompletingtheireducationalcourses.Currently,interactingwithblockchainstillhasalotoffrictions,andrequireyoutohavesomefoundationknowledge(private/publickeys,gas/transactionfeesetc.)comparedtotraditionalpaymentsolutionssuchasVenmo,orPaypal,nottomentiontheirreversiblerisksthatcomewithkeymanagementandtransactions.Wearestillearlyintheindustrywithlessthan1%ofworldwideadoption,andeducatingthegeneralpopulationaboutcryptocurrency,blockchainandkeymanagementwillbeveryimportantfortheindustrytogrow.LargecompaniessuchasAOLandCoinbasearewellpositionedtoofferextraincentivesthroughgiveawayCDtrialsandcryptocurrenciestoactivelyhelplowerthebarrierofentryanddrivefurtheradoption.Overall,it’sundeniablethattheBlockchainindustryhasbeenmakingsignificantprogresstowardssolvingthechallengesaroundscalability,cost,andeducationoverthepastfewyears.Althoughwearestillearlyinthistechnologicalcycle,weareconfidentthatBlockchainwillmatureinasimilarfashionastheInternet,graduallybecomingmorescalable,affordableandpracticalformassadoption.-----TheInternetRevolutionfactsarebasedonthebook“HowtheInternetHappened”,writtenbyBrianMcCullough.MarkTwainoncesaid“Historydoesn’trepeatitself,butitdoesrhyme”.WeareattemptingtodrawsomesimilaritiesbetweentheInternetandBlockchainRevolutions,tohelpentrepreneursandinvestorsbetterunderstandtechnologicallifecycles.Sources:Book“HowtheInternetHappened”,writtenbyBrianMcCullough.https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/reply-unending-chasm-how-survive-geoffrey-moore/https://www.coinbase.com/earn/0xhttps://bothsidesofthetable.com/why-has-seed-investing-declined-and-what-does-this-mean-for-the-future-6a9572357130https://bothsidesofthetable.com/a-deep-dive-into-what-has-really-changed-in-venture-capital-f5d225f7f8https://howmuch.net/articles/crypto-transaction-speeds-comparedhttps://ylv.io/how-much-does-it-costs-to-run-dapp-in-2018/https://bitinfocharts.com/comparison/ethereum-transactionfees.html八维研究院出品的其他研究跨境金融科技平台Pandaq正式发布｜八维资本XTrueChain

彭博社：苹果最早今年内或将发布元宇宙操作系统“rOS”及头显产品:金色财经报道，据彭博社消息，苹果公司拟最早于今年年内发布元宇宙产品，据称苹果目前已经向董事会展示了一款结合 VR 和 AR 功能的头显设备初始版本，该设备的处理器“与苹果最新的 Mac 处理器相当”和“超高分辨率屏幕”。同时，一位不愿透露姓名的消息人士还称，苹果公司还在开发配套的操作系统，名为“rOS”。彭博社还透露，苹果公司最早应该会在今年年底或明年某个时候推出这款元宇宙设备，并在 2023 年将其提供给消费者。[2022/5/21 3:32:29]

《互联网vs区块链革命》系列之一：早期的成功产品

《互联网vs区块链革命》系列之二：颠覆性公司的起源

硬核技术：证券型通证需要专属的区块链吗?

企业级区块链：过去、现在和未来

Medium:https://medium.com/@8DecimalCapital

八维资本是一家跨境的国际专业区块链投资机构，管理美元和Token两支基金，总资金规模超过六千万美金。团队合伙人来自一线VC、PE，基金顾问包括前瑞士银行中国区CEO陈庆，前红杉中国创始人合伙人张帆。八维专注于区块链赛道投资，同时对上下游产业资源进行战略布局。八维投资了底层技术、隐私、存储、SecurityToken、稳定币等赛道的顶尖项目，如EOS、Icon、IoTeX、Zilliqa、Bluzelle、IRISNetwork等，同时布局了交易所、媒体、咨询、技术社区等战略协同资源，如0x、Fcoin、Kyber、Bibox、Mobilecoin、Dorahacks、星球日报、币世界、WXY等。在美国TokenMetrics榜单中，八维投资回报位列50家国际基金的前三位，也被36氪、清华x-lab等机构评为中国Top10区块链投资机构。

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